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SVAMITVA, HOW WILL THIS NEW SCHEME BENEFIT FARMERS?

Svamitva, how will this new scheme benefit farmers?

The Story Of Maruti
Maruti Lives in the village of kolamguda A Village from the district of Adilabad in Telangana State, with his wife and two children. He was not educated but workman. He has two acres of land without water resources. He relies on rain to harvest cotton every year. With the advent of the southwest monsoon, he goes to the dealership and borrows money to buy seeds. The dealer is contracting with him to buy his crop without taking out a loan he has taken, Maruti agreed to that because he doesn't have money to buy seeds.
He planted seeds on his two acres. After a few days of rain the plants grew a little, fertilizer is need for the growth of those small plants, and the time for weeding is also coming. Again he borrowed money for fertilizer at the same dealer, and the dealer wrote down every account he took. After harvest arrived he took it to the dealer in a bullock cart.

By selling his crop to the dealer he wants to meet the borrowed debt and take the rest of the money, but it didn't happen, selling his crop failed to meet his debt. The dealer betrayed him with false accounts. Maruti is not educated he doesn't know about the prices of seeds and fertilizer. He had no money even after selling his crop, so he borrowed again.

In India many farmers live below the poverty line and rely on middlemen or dealers who often buy their crops at low cost against production cost. This is mainly due to lack of education leading to lack of awareness on government schemes
Farmers in many areas are unable to obtain bank loans (Like Crop Loan) due to absence of property documents, leading to Maruti situation.

"Land as an asset is unique because it is immovable, and with growing population, it's demand keeps increasing, while it's supply is limited. Access to land (or land rights) has a wide ranging impact on livelihood, economic and social growth".
                                             -Sunil Kumar IAS

Land records, as are available today, do not reflect the on ground position. The owner of the property in the rural areas are not able to leverage their own property as a financial asset in the absence of any legal document acceptable to the bank. If Maruti has a legitimate land document, he can borrow from the banks. He doesn't need to go to middlemen or dealers.


                     (Source:DownToEarth)
Svamitva Scheme
On Panchayat Raj Diwas (24th April 2020), the prime minister of India launched SVAMITVA YOJANA or OWNERSHIP SCHEME, it aims to provide an integrated property validation solution for rural India. Svamitva (Survey of villages and mapping with improvised Technology in village areas) is a collaborative effort of the ministry of Panchayat Raj, State Panchayat Raj Departments, State Revenue Departments, and Survey Of India. The demarcation of ABADI (inhabited) areas would be done using drone technology.
Objectives
. To bring financial stability to the citizens in rural India by enabling them to use their property as a financial asset for taking loans and other financial benefits.
. Creation of accurate land records for rural planning.
. Determination of property tax, which would accrue to the Grama Panchayats directly in States where it is devolved or else, add to the State exchequer.
. To support in preparation of better-quality Gram Panchayat Development Plan by making use of GIS maps.
. To reduce property related disputes and legal cases

There are about 6.62 lakh villages in the country which will be eventually covered in this scheme. The entire work is likely to be spread over a period of four years from 2020 to 2024 in four phases. Pilot phase extend to six pilot states Haryana, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Uttarakhand, and Uttar Pradesh.
The respective state govt would finalise the list of villages at the time of signing Memorandum Of Understanding (MOU) with survey Of India.

Need for the Scheme
         Survey of rural land in India for settlement and record of rights had last been completed many decades back Moreover ABADI (inhabited) area of villages were not surveyed/mapped in many states. Hence in the absence of a legal document, the owner of the property in the rural areas are not able to leverage their own property as a financial asset acceptable by the banks for the purpose of providing loans and other financial assistance, that has happened to Maruti.

(Source : Panchayat Ministry website)

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